What are the differences between top-down and bottom-up development projects?

Top-down strategies – these are usually large-scale development projects occurring through the actions of governments and transnational corporations (TNCs).  They are usually expensive and require countries to borrow money.

Bottom-up strategies – these are usually small-scale development projects aimed at the poorest communities through the actions of non-government organisations (NGOs).  They are usually less expensive due to their smaller sale.