How can geology increase flood risk?

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Geology can increase the risk of flooding when:

  • The upland bedrock is impermeable, such as slate, which means there is more surface run-off
  • Soil in low lying areas is made up of clay. Because it is so compact it is difficult for infiltration to occur.
  • Areas of permeable rock, such as limestone, become inundated with water leading to increased surface run-off

Find out more about human and physical causes of flooding.