Coastal transportation involves material being transported by the sea being deposited or dropped.

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When rainwater hits rock it decomposes it or eats it away. This is known as carbonation. This occurs when slightly acidic (carbonic) rain or seawater comes into contact with sedimentary rock, such as limestone or chalk, it causes it to dissolve. A chemical reaction occurs between the acidic water and the calcium carbonate and forms calcium bicarbonate. This is soluble and is carried away in solution. Carbonation weathering occurs in warm, wet conditions.

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Gabions are coastal defences that consist of rocks and boulders encased in a wired mesh. They absorb the energy from waves.

Find out more about hard engineering at the coast.

A bar is a ridge of sand or single that joins two headlands either side of a bay.

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The distance a wave has travelled.

Find out more about waves.